Science vs. Chiropractors: Fact-Checking Back Pain Care
The Origins and Theory of Chiropractic
The Birth of a Profession
Chiropractic care began in the late 1800s with D.D. Palmer, a self-described magnetic healer. The legend suggests that Palmer cured a janitor of deafness by manipulating his spine, leading to the birth of the profession.
The Concept of "Subluxations"
Palmer's core theory posited that subluxations—or misaligned spinal joints—obstructed a mystical nerve energy or life force, which he believed caused 95% of diseases. While modern science has debunked the mystical life force aspect, many practitioners still use this term to describe joints that are not moving properly.
Evaluating Efficacy and Scientific Evidence
Back and Neck Pain
Recent reviews, including work by physical therapist Anita Gross, suggest that while many past studies were of low quality, there is evidence that spinal manipulation can help with back and neck pain. In some comparisons, it was found to be as effective or potentially more effective than certain conventional medications for pain management.
Pediatric Chiropractic
"There is no good evidence to explicitly support the effectiveness of spinal manipulation or mobilization for any condition in pediatric populations."
Despite the popularity of taking children to chiropractors for issues like asthma, bedwetting, or excessive crying, clinical reviews have concluded there is no scientific evidence to support these practices. In Australia, spinal manipulation for children under two has even been banned due to safety concerns.
Safety and Risks
While minor side effects such as nausea or temporary increases in pain can occur, there are rare but severe risks associated with spinal manipulation involving the neck.
• Vascular injury: Forceful adjustments have been linked in rare cases to artery tears, blood clots, and potential strokes.
• Serious incidents: There have been documented cases where adjustments led to fatal outcomes, particularly in younger patients, though such events are statistically infrequent.
"It's a bit like religion. You've got to filter out the bullshit."
Ultimately, while spinal manipulation may offer relief for spinal pain, experts suggest patients should approach chiropractic care with skepticism regarding claims about systemic health benefits and remain aware of the potential risks.